July Cotton Growth Deviation &Nbsp; Regional Differences Are Large.

China Cotton Research Institute

1. Growth is bad and waterlogging is heavy. The difference between growth and development is large.

China

Overall, due to the low temperature in 4-5 months, the national cotton was generally late broadcast for 10~15 days, and the growth was uneven.

Since mid June, the pformation of seedling has been relatively complicated. First, the pformation of the Yellow River's seedling has been accelerated and its growth is better. Only 1 less peach is expected to yield high yield.

The two is the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, which suffered heavy rain and waterlogging in the middle and July.

The three is that northwest China will enter the high temperature in mid July, and the late weak seedling pformation will accelerate.

Judging from the weather, from June to mid July, high temperature and low temperature alternate, drought and waterlogging coexist.

In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, heavy rainfall, low temperature, cotton growth slowed down, aggravated later.

The temperature of the Yellow River is high, and the pformation of seedling condition is accelerated.

From the point of view of disasters, from mid June to mid July, the South flood and drought in North China were affected by a larger area and the disaster situation was more serious.

In late June and early July, heavy rainfall in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River was covered by 11 million 740 thousand mu of cotton fields, and the drainage area was 2 million mu, with a total yield of 400 thousand mu.

From late June to early July, the extreme high temperature of the Yellow River at or above 35 degrees lasted for nearly 20 days, and about 2000000 mu of drought resistant cotton fields, about 1000000 mu of drought resistance, and partial rainfall in mid winter eased the drought.

According to the investigation on 20-23 July, the local aphids, aphids or spider mite were harms seriously in the Loess Plateau and Hexi Corridor, and rainfall was controlled in the last ten days.

The Yangtze River CCGI was 78 in July, 75 for the whole year, and 26.7 for the fruit Festival.

The growth rate of seedlings was worse than that of the same period last year, which was more than 20%, which was 25% worse than that of the whole year.

According to the analysis, the late low temperature and the heavy rainfall in the upper and middle of July are the main reasons for the weak growth.

With the combination of fertilizer and water, weak seedlings grow more vigorously, fruit branches and fruit nodes are few, and "two wilt" occurs in large and heavy areas.

The Yellow River CCGI was 106 in July, 104 for the whole year, and 30 for fruit.

It was better than half a year ago, better than nearly half of the year.

According to the analysis, one is the continuous high temperature and accelerated pformation of the basin, the two is planting density 12.9%, which is compensated for the insufficient number of fruits per unit area.

Three, high temperature and drought inhibit the occurrence of "two wilt".

Overall, the North China's high yield stands early, blooms early, and quickened reproductive growth.

Huang Huai's spring cover, wheat stubble and cotton stubble late Cotton Transformation accelerated, better than the same period last year.

The climate of Huaibei is suitable and the growth of seedlings is good.

Northwest

The extremely early maturing CCGI was 97 in July, 87 for the whole year, and 8.7 for the fruit nodes. Due to the continuous low temperature and rainy days, the growth of cotton was blocked and the growth rate was worse than that of last year and the whole year.

Waterlogging increased late in late July.

Two. Classified management, disaster prevention and reduction, and striving for late production of high yield

August is the key period for the formation of cotton yield. The main target of production is to increase the peach and early autumn peaches.

In view of the fact that this year's climate is abnormal, generally delayed and complicated, it is necessary to emphasize classification management and strive for high yield and early maturing.

At the same time, August is still a disaster prone period. We must prevent natural disasters and prevent pests and diseases. We must strive for disaster recovery.

According to the opinions of experts from the project group, we put forward suggestions that the Yangtze River should make full use of favorable weather with high temperature and bright autumn weather, so as to give full play to the unique growth habit of cotton and increase the yield of peach and early autumn peach, so as to achieve late harvest and high yield.

The Yellow River should actively prevent premature aging and increase peach and early autumn peach.

The northwest should promote early boll opening, prevent and control greedy late maturing early, and make sure that the bell can reach 5~6 000 mu per mu, which will reach 80% before the frost.

From late July to August, the management measures for subregional and classification fields are as follows:

(1) the Yangtze River Basin: pay close attention to the medium term management, promote the weak to the strong, increase the accumulation of peach and early autumn peach.

1, late cotton field management is to apply flower and boll fertilizer again.

In the middle reaches of cotton field, 15~20 kg / mu of urea was applied, and the basal fertilizer was not enough for cotton field, and phosphate and potash fertilizer were applied.

The dressing time of nitrogen fertilizer should not be later than that of autumn.

The two is pruning and topping.

In view of the late arrival, the topping time is still not later than the beginning of autumn. The downstream is usually at the end of July.

Fat water meets easily grows superbuds, to remove superbuds.

The three is to work hard, remove harden and weed.

The four is to classify seedlings.

The dosage of DPC is 2~3 g / mu, Wang Long Tian Zhong control, late weak seedling field light control.

Five is integrated pest management.

2. Management of waterlogging cotton fields

First, drainage and drainage.

Clean up the "three furrows", eliminate the accumulated water and dark water quickly, reduce the humidity and promote the growth.

Two is Fu Li lodging cotton plant, cleaning the leaves and silt, supporting the soil and protecting it in time.

Three is the cultivation of loosen soil and soil, and reduce soil moisture.

The four is to restore fertilizer by supplementary application, and promote foliar spraying of nitrogen and potash fertilizer for 2~3 times.

(two) the Yellow River basin: pay close attention to medium term management, prevent premature senility, and strive for high yield and good harvest.

1, uncover and reapply fertilizer.

First remove the membrane, then Topdressing Urea 10~15 kg / mu, conditionally topdressing potassium sulfate 4~5 kg / mu.

In dry land or early aging cotton fields, 7~10 kg / mu of urea was applied to catch up, not later than the end of July, and the leaf spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate was promoted in the middle and late 8 months.

2, drought and waterlogging prevention.

At present, the drought and waterlogging coexist in this basin. In view of the "seven below eight up" is in the rainy season, it is emphasized that irrigation and drainage should be combined. Drought should not be allowed to be irrigated by flood. The interlaced irrigation should be promoted. The amount of irrigation should be 10~20 cubic meters per mu. If the continuous drought is to be irrigated second or third times, the water volume should be increased appropriately.

At the same time, we should open up drainage drains in the field, clean up river drains, ensure smooth running of water, and prevent heavy rain and rainstorms from causing waterlogging.

3, chemical regulation.

After topping in late July, use 2~3 times a quarter.

In the weak seedling field, the dosage should be reduced and the period of use should be postponed.

4, pruning and topping.

Cotton with late growth and strong growth should not be later than July 25th; wheat stubble and garlic stubble should not be later than the end of July.

5, continuous drought should strengthen the monitoring and control of the aphid and red spider, so that the spot will take place and the spot will be treated.

(three) inland Northwest: strengthen management of water and fertilizer management, prevent late maturing, and strive for early ripening and high yield.

1, watering, fertilizing early, reducing nitrogen and supplying potassium.

In the near future, high temperature water needs to be increased. Three water should be connected to two water drip irrigation, four water and five water continuously drip irrigation, so as to do more drip and drip irrigation 10~15 per mu per time.

Fertilization was combined with drip irrigation. During the flowering and Bolling stage, urea was applied to 10~15 kg / mu, dropping 4~5 times.

Late nitrogen reduction and supplementary potash fertilizer 3~5 kg / mu can prevent greening and late maturing.

Appropriate irrigation amount should be controlled in furrow irrigation or cotton irrigation on film. The application time of nitrogen fertilizer in North Xinjiang and Hexi corridor should not be later than the end of July.

2, control water and fertilizer, early water supply.

For late late maturing, on the basis of bottom application of compound fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to promote proper control. Nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled at two ends, that is, before light, then light, medium and heavy. Before irrigation, control should be promoted before irrigation. The amount of drip irrigation should be increased at the beginning, and no more than 10~15 per mu per drip.

If the water is stopped early, the normal cotton field will be stopped for 8 days in the middle of the month, which will be 20 days earlier than the end of September.

3, in addition to invalid bud.

According to the effective bud time, the null buds in the southern Xinjiang after August 5th, and the ineffective flowers after September 5th; in the northern Xinjiang and Hexi Corridor, except the invalid buds at the end of July, the flowers were not effective after August 25th.

4, look at seedling regulation, control less and control lightly.

On the basis of regulation of water and fertilizer, we should advocate chemical control of seedlings, advocate less control and light control, and suitable dosage of 2~3 mg / mu.

5. The occurrence of cotton aphid and cotton spider mites can be effectively controlled by using the methods of checking, touching, picking, beating and chasing.