Study On The Development Potential Of Chongqing Silk Industry

In the 90s of last century, the silk industry in Chongqing was the most brilliant period. The annual export earnings of silk amounted to 120 million US dollars.

Policy support

Chongqing municipal government has always attached great importance to the cocoon and silk industry. In the opinion on promoting the integration of urban and rural areas and consolidating the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas, it is clearly proposed that silkworm mulberry should be designated as a characteristic industry of Chongqing's agriculture.

In 2010, silkworm mulberry was included in the plan of "ten thousand yuan income increase project of the two wings of the Chongqing municipal government" and decided to plant mulberry trees in the fluctuating zone of the reservoir area, creating a variety of fields and developing feed silkworm mulberry.

During the "11th Five-Year" period, Chongqing firmly seized the historical opportunity of the strategic adjustment of the "east to West shift" of the state, and won the construction project of the 11 counties' "East Mulberry shift" base county, and with the advance of the project of "moving east to west", launched the construction of Chongqing's "quality cocoon 10 million project" and the high efficiency ecological sericulture science and technology demonstration base, making full use of the policy funds and local policy funds of the "East Mulberry shift to the west" and the policy of returning farmland to forests, creating a number of key sericulture base counties such as Fuling, Qianjiang and Yunyang, and produced a batch of distinctive silk production and processing bases, such as Qianjiang, Fuling and Yongchuan, which laid a good foundation for the future development of the silk industry.

Labor supply

Chongqing is a large agricultural municipality directly under the central government, with a large output of labor resources. The annual labor output accounts for nearly 50% of the city's available labor resources.

However, after investigating several key silk production and processing districts and counties, it has shown that there are still a large number of abundant labor resources in the region.

Take Yongchuan district as an example, there are 199 thousand labor resources retained in the region and 57.64% women.

At the age of 16-45, women account for 51 thousand, accounting for 44.46% of the total number of women. Among them, over 10000 people who can move freely and work flexibly are 20 times the total employment of silk processing enterprises in Yongchuan district.

The silk industry as a special labor-intensive industry needs more female employees, accounting for 80% of the total employment, especially for women aged 20-40.

The main labour force resources retained in the region are mainly women, which are suitable for the local silk processing enterprises. They will also provide more abundant labor force for the silk industry in the future.

The financial crisis has affected the export oriented labor market economy in Chongqing. A large number of migrant workers give up going out to work and choose to choose jobs nearby.

On the other hand, it also provided a large number of surplus labor resources for the city's silk industry, and the difficulty of recruiting workers has also been alleviated to a certain extent.

A large number of technical personnel engaged in the textile industry also made the coastal textile enterprises go bankrupt due to the financial crisis, plus the rapid development of the local economy, they chose to return home for employment.

product development

The silk industry in Chongqing is characterized by the initial processing of raw material based products. Combined with the characteristics of raw materials and the relatively cheap labor resources advantages, it has certain development advantages and competitive strength to take the production and processing routes of double Palace silk, silk and spun silk products which are suitable for local characteristics.

"Feng Yu" double Palace silk is in the leading position of similar products in terms of quality, quantity and technology. The products sell well in India, Southeast Asia and other markets, and have high popularity and market share.

"Xiang Fei brand" silk is popular with customers because of its high quality and low price. It has high recognition in India and Southeast Asian market.

"Wanxing brand" mulberry sliver, with its quality and technical content in the leading position of similar products in China, has strong competitiveness and products are exported to the European market.

Talent technology

Chongqing has the academic team led by Xiang Zhonghuai, academician of Southwestern University, with Yangtze River scholars, outstanding young and middle-aged experts, and provincial and ministerial experts at the national level.

In the field of silkworm research, it has the advantages of talent training, scientific research and development, resource conservation, and technological resources of silk processing, processing and new materials development, and has formed a corresponding technology and technology pformation center, which can effectively pform some scientific research achievements into social and economic productive forces.

The sericultural technology research and development center, sericulture resource preservation base, advanced sericulture technical personnel training base and sericultural scientific and technological achievements pformation center have been set up nationwide and even worldwide. The largest silkworm genome resource pool, the largest silkworm genome and functional genome research platform, and the genome information platform of silkworm genome, which integrates gene resources and information data, have been established to provide strong technical support for solving problems in science and technology and practice.

Technically, the genetically modified colored cocoon variety "Xi Nong green cocoon No.1" can effectively simplify the printing and dyeing process and reduce the pollution of waste water and make silk return to its true nature. The fine fineness silk varieties bred will provide the silk industry with lighter and finer silk fabrics. Microwave induced dye fast esterification fixation technology and natural green silk microwave grafting and fixation methods can save a lot of cocoon silk resources, reduce waste of resources, increase raw silk production and provide green and environment-friendly silk products; the waste water treatment of silk reeling by-products and comprehensive utilization of cocoon silk resources can effectively save the production cost of enterprises, expand the added value of by-products, and enhance the economic and social benefits of silk processing enterprises. In practice

Through investigation, we believe that the future development of Chongqing's silk industry has relative advantages in these four aspects, and some potential has not been exerted and can continue to be excavated.

Combined with the regional characteristics of Chongqing and the external environment of industrial development, the development of special products needs to be strengthened. The path of product development with distinctive characteristics should be the future development direction of Chongqing silk industry.